SSC CGL - Detailed Guide 2025
Self-Paced Course
Health and Sanitation Schemes
Reference: Lucent GK, NCERT Class 6–12
1. Swachh Bharat Mission (Urban & Gramin)
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | Eliminate open defecation and improve solid waste management |
| Components | Swachh Bharat Mission–Gramin (SBM-G) and Swachh Bharat Mission–Urban (SBM-U) |
| Targets | Construction of household toilets, community toilets, and behavioral change |
| ODF Goal Achieved | Rural India declared ODF in 2019 |
| SBM-U 2.0 | Launched in 2021: focuses on waste segregation, treatment & sustainable sanitation |
| Ministry | Ministry of Jal Shakti (SBM-G) Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs (SBM-U) |
| Launch Year | 2014 |
Key Point: India's largest sanitation program with ODF declaration in 2019 and urban upgrades in SBM-U 2.0
2. National Health Mission (NHM)
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | Strengthen public health systems, especially for vulnerable groups |
| Components | NRHM (National Rural Health Mission) + NUHM (National Urban Health Mission) |
| Key Focus Areas | Maternal health, child health, family planning, immunization |
| Additional Programs | Janani Suraksha Yojana, ASHA workers, institutional deliveries |
| Infrastructure Support | Strengthening PHCs, CHCs, sub-centers |
| Launch Year | 2013 (NRHM: 2005, NUHM added in 2013) |
| Ministry | Ministry of Health and Family Welfare |
Exam Tip: NHM merges rural (NRHM) and urban (NUHM) health missions under one umbrella since 2013
3. Mission Indradhanush
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | Achieve full immunization coverage among children and pregnant women |
| Coverage | Includes vaccines for diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, polio, measles, TB, Hepatitis B, etc. |
| Target Group | Children under 2 years and pregnant women |
| Intensified Version | Intensified Mission Indradhanush (IMI) launched in 2017 and expanded as IMI 2.0, IMI 3.0 |
| Goal | Cover areas with low routine immunization coverage |
| Ministry | Ministry of Health and Family Welfare |
| Launch Year | 2014 |
Note: "7 colors" represent 7 vaccine-preventable diseases targeted by the mission
4. eSanjeevani – National Telemedicine Service
| Feature | Details |
|---|---|
| Objective | Provide remote healthcare consultation to citizens, especially in rural/remote areas |
| Service Types | eSanjeevani (doctor-to-doctor) and eSanjeevani OPD (patient-to-doctor) |
| Mode | Online video consultation through web or mobile app |
| Importance During COVID | Ensured safe and contactless health service delivery |
| Benefit | Reduces travel cost/time, improves access to specialists |
| Implemented By | Ministry of Health and Family Welfare |
| Launch Year | 2019 |
Key Concept: India's largest telemedicine platform with 2 service models (doctor-to-doctor and direct OPD)
Scheme Comparison for Exams
- Swachh Bharat Mission → Sanitation + Waste Management (ODF focus)
- NHM → Universal healthcare access (rural + urban integration)
- Mission Indradhanush → Immunization drive (7 diseases coverage)
- eSanjeevani → Digital health infrastructure (telemedicine)
Developed By Jan Mohammad
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